What does pigment dispersion syndrome involve?

Pigment dispersion syndrome is characterized by the release of pigment granules from the iris. In this condition, the pigment cells from the posterior layer of the iris become dislodged and are dispersed into the aqueous humor of the eye. This can lead to increased pigmentation in various structures of the eye, particularly the corneal endothelium and the trabecular meshwork, potentially resulting in increased intraocular pressure and secondary glaucoma. The understanding of this syndrome is critical in ophthalmic diagnostics, as identifying the presence of these pigment granules during a comprehensive examination can lead to timely management of elevated intraocular pressure and prevention of glaucoma-related complications.

The other options do not accurately describe pigment dispersion syndrome, making it essential to recognize the significance of iris pigment release in the context of this condition.